How are diamonds formed in nature?

Diamond is that precious stone that everyone knows about. Most representatives of the fairer sex dream of getting this fascinating gem, because its play of light will not leave any lady indifferent. Despite this, many people do not know how these minerals are formed. This is exactly what we will tell you about today.

How do they appear?

Today this crystal is one of the most popular, but scientists still do not know the exact method of its origin. The only thing that can be said with certainty is that the gem appears as a result of strong pressure on carbon. Initially, this element turns into graphite, and only after that into diamond.

Despite this uncertainty, there are several theories about how this stone appears in nature. In total, 3 hypotheses can be distinguished:

Meteorite origin

This theory first appeared in 1888. This year, researchers studied the New Uraeus meteorite, in which a shining crystal was found. Later, another similar incident occurred, and scientists suggested that the stone was formed as a result of the collision of cosmic bodies with each other. The rocks in which the mineral is found are called impactites. When it hits the Earth’s surface, the carbon body is subjected to high temperature and pressure. These conditions allow the nonmetal to turn into crystals.

It is worth noting that such stones are not mined in large quantities, as they are modest in size. Synthetic origin can also be distinguished. Such specimens are artificial analogues that are sold at an affordable price.

Cosmic origin

According to scientists’ research, no planets have yet been found on which minerals can be mined. However, there is a large diamond in space with a diameter of 4000 km, weighing trillions of trillions of carats. This gem is located directly above Australia, and is also the core of a star called “Lucy”.

According to scientists’ hypothesis, from a cosmic body fragments break offthat fall to Earth. Whether this is true or not, one can only guess.

Earthly origin

Another theory from researchers is that diamonds formed in the Earth’s mantle more than 100 million years ago. Carbon found deep in the Earth is subject to high temperatures and pressures. As a result, a diamond crystal lattice is formed.

Due to volcanic activity, specimens are thrown onto the surface of the planet. In such areas there are formed diamond deposits. The most famous and largest of them are located in Africa, Australia, Russia, and Canada.

Mineralogists say that the diamond is not the rarest. Its high cost is explained by the fact that only part of the deposits are known. Also, its extraction requires a lot of effort and expense. Many deposits have not yet been discovered, so it is possible that someday they will delight humanity with new specimens.

So, scientists identify three hypotheses about the origin of diamond, the most popular of which is the last one. Many deposits of the stone have not yet been explored, so it is safe to say that mineralogists will continue to find new deposits of precious crystals.

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How are diamonds formed in nature?