Which meat has the most parasites?
Parasites can most often be found in meat, fish and greens. Nutritionist Elena Solomatina told Moscow 24 about this. “First of all, these are animal products, especially pork. In general, these are those products that are obtained from animals that eat something unknown. It’s one thing when they eat grass, and another thing when they eat everything,” the specialist noted. It is very dangerous to eat undercooked kebabs, especially pork. If the kebab is burnt on the outside and damp on the inside, then this pink meat should under no circumstances be consumed. It is clear that there is unlikely to be a visible parasite lying there, but we can easily swallow its larvae, which are hardly noticeable. Elena Solomatina
nutritionist Also, the risk of becoming infected with parasites is high when eating improperly prepared river fish. “Insufficient heat treatment can lead to further development of parasitic infection,” warns the doctor. Greens from the garden that are difficult to wash can also be dangerous. For example, the greens were first fertilized with manure, and then they decided to pick them and eat them. But it’s one thing to wash tomatoes, it’s easy to do, and another thing to wash some parsley or lettuce. This is very difficult, these particles will still remain there. Elena Solomatina
nutritionist When infected with parasites, a person becomes tired and his hemoglobin decreases. There may also be a weakening of the immune system or, conversely, its excessive strengthening in the form of allergies. To avoid infection with parasites, the specialist recommends eating well-cooked meat and fish. When it comes to greenery, there are certain rules. First you need to soak it in a container, then drain the water. This procedure should be repeated several times. Then you can add a little vinegar to the water and rinse the greens again in the container, and then under the tap. Diseases with which helminth infection can easily be confused were previously named. In particular, if the parasite has settled in the brain, problems with nerves, eyes or hearing may occur. If it is in the lungs, then sometimes we can talk about symptoms similar to bronchitis. In addition, helminth infection can be disguised as indigestion, cystitis and varicose veins.
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It seems that we have long been accustomed to the fact that food must be washed before eating. Because they say they contain parasites. But sometimes washing alone cannot get rid of harmful organisms, so we decided to ask a doctor how to properly handle food before eating it, and in which foods parasites are most often found.
Vegetables, fruits and greens
The most common parasites found in vegetables, fruits and leafy greens are pinworms and roundworms, which are related to worms, and Giardia, a protozoan organism.
Pinworms provoke enterobiasis, the most common parasitic disease in Russia (about 70% of all cases). Usually it is enterobiasis that is meant by the popular diagnosis “worms”. Pinworms multiply in the intestines, disrupting the gastrointestinal tract. A person infected with pinworms loses appetite and weight.
You should especially be wary of ascariasis caused by roundworms. Parasites most often affect the gastrointestinal tract, where they begin to multiply rapidly, creating intestinal obstruction. However, ascaris eggs traveling through the blood can also reach other organs – the gallbladder, appendix, pancreas or lungs. In the latter case, airway obstruction may occur.
Giardia infection – giardiasis. In many people, the disease is asymptomatic, and only tests can detect it. The infection can either go away on its own or take on a chronic form, in which nutrients in the intestines begin to be less absorbed.
“The larvae of parasites enter the human body with water, food, or through poorly washed hands,” says gastroenterologist Ekaterina Kashukh.
Ekaterina Kashukh is an expert at the Hemotest laboratory, a gastroenterologist, and a candidate of medical sciences.
To avoid infection, it is recommended to wash fruits thoroughly, and vegetables and herbs can first be placed in a container with salted water for 15 minutes.
“And even products grown in your own garden must be carefully processed before eating: even the most environmentally friendly carrots can retain soil residues if the root crop is not washed well,” the expert notes. – And this is a source of helminths. Therefore, all vegetables and herbs from your garden must be washed.
If you have recently purchased a plot of land and are planning to plant a vegetable garden on it, it may be worthwhile to have the soil tested for the presence of microorganisms, as well as for the content of heavy metals, petroleum products and other potential crop contaminants. The doctor also advises gardeners to wear gloves when working in the garden.
You should also not plant a garden next to an outdoor toilet: such proximity increases the risk of parasite infection.
Meat
Most often, parasites are found in pork. Pigs are omnivores and can easily ingest pork tapeworm larvae.
Beef is considered a fairly safe meat, but it can also be contaminated with organisms such as bovine tapeworm.
“In beef, parasites are less common, but it’s better not to take risks: there is a non-zero chance of becoming infected with bovine tapeworm larvae or E. coli after eating beef tartare or a medium-rare steak,” says the gastroenterologist.
The larvae of bovine and pork tapeworms are able to penetrate the skin, muscles, and eyes. And in exceptional cases – to the brain. In such cases, doctors say that the patient has neurocysticercosis.
– In this case, a person experiences severe headaches, he may develop blindness, convulsions, and begin epileptic seizures. There are no exact statistics on the number of such cases. In Russia, Europe, and North America, cases of this disease are rare, but the risk of neurocysticercosis remains, says the expert.
Other animals can also carry parasites. For example, bears and wild boars carry Trichinella, which causes fever, swelling and muscle pain in humans.
Heat treatment saves you from parasites in meat. To avoid infection, it is better not to order meat with blood in a restaurant. You don’t have to worry about store-bought meat: it almost certainly won’t contain parasites.
“Before sale, the meat of wild animals is carefully checked: samples are taken and examined in the laboratory of the veterinary service,” the expert reassures readers. — After such a check, the seller is given a veterinary and sanitary examination report, which confirms that wild boar or elk meat is safe and can be eaten.
Fish
Speaking about fish, the gastroenterologist notes: sea fish, if not properly processed, is no less dangerous than river fish.
“There are also plenty of parasites in sea fish,” says Ekaterina Kashukh. — For example, cod, herring, perch, and salmon fish species may contain nematodes that cause anisakiasis.
Anisakiasis is often found in residents of Japan, Taiwan and Korea, where raw seafood is often consumed. And in Russia, residents of cities located along the Ob and Yenisei are susceptible to the disease. Infection with nematodes can lead to appendicitis and intestinal obstruction.
River fish (bream, gudgeon, carp, crucian carp) often become a source of opisthorchiasis. Possible consequences include bile duct obstruction, liver and pancreatic cancer, and cirrhosis of the liver. The chance of becoming infected with opisthorchiasis in Russia is higher in Western Siberia and the Volga region.
In addition, the fish contains the broad tapeworm, which causes the skin to turn yellow, weight loss, stool problems and headaches.
As with meat, heat treatment helps remove parasites from fish.
What to do if you become infected
Ekaterina Kashukh advises under no circumstances to try to treat yourself.
— It is necessary to treat parasitosis under the supervision of a doctor. He will prescribe the necessary anthelmintic drugs. Usually they are taken in a course that lasts from several days to several weeks, the doctor describes the process of treating those infected. — After completion of treatment, it is necessary to undergo control tests. In addition to anthelmintic drugs, symptomatic treatment may be prescribed – antipyretics, antidiarrheals.
Where to buy food to avoid getting infected
The gastroenterologist advises buying products in large chain stores.
“The owners of such retail outlets value their reputation and try to comply with the requirements for storing and selling goods as accurately as possible,” the expert argues.
Rospotrebnadzor advises not to buy products in spontaneous retail areas and along highways. In these cases, it is impossible to know under what conditions meat animals, vegetables and herbs were raised, where fish were caught and how the products were stored.
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